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Sublethal Effects of Surfactants on Chemical Composition of Periwinkle (Tympanotonus fuscatus) Tissues Collected from the Lagos Lagoon

Edeghagba BO*, Adamu GOL, Badru TI

The sublethal effects of surfactants on chemical composition in periwinkle (Tympanotonus fuscatus) tissues collected from the Lagos Lagoon were determined. The length and weight of the periwinkle varied from 3.5 cm-4.24 cm and 4.31 g - 6.96 g respectively. The periwinkles were subjected to different levels of surfactants contamination based on the derived toxicity indices of the probit analysis (96 hLC50=3.843 mg/l). The periwinkle samples were treated with the surfactant agent at different concentration of 0.1 ml, 0.17 ml and 0.35 ml for twenty one days. At every 7 days intervals the periwinkle tissues were taken for analysis. The chemical analysis was done in triplicate while the data obtained were analyzed using Duncan’s multiple range tests. For 21 day at different concentration and days, the protein values ranged from 20.36 ± 03- 25.97 ± 04, moisture content ranged from 60.00 ± 03 - 63.00 ±00, ash value ranged from 6.86 ± 01-8.76 ± 01, crude fiber ranged from 0.23 ± 00 - 0.27 ± 03, fat value ranged from 2.69 ± 000 - 3.26 ± 01 and the carbohydrate value ranged from 2.10 ± 01 - 6.47 ± 03 in the body tissues of the periwinkle. The mineral values of the periwinkle of the periwinkle tissues were high especially that of phosphorus (P) and magnesium (mg). The phosphorus value ranged from 319.25 ± 03 - 399.82 ± 02. Magnesium (mg) ranged from 172.70 ± 04 -180.60 ± 02. Calcium (C) ranged from 34.50±02-40.10±03. Zinc (Zn) values ranged from 0.77 ± 01 - 0.88 ± 01. Potassium (K) ranged from 36.30 ± 000 - 38.90 ± 00. The Ca, P, Zn, Mg and K were significantly different at P=0.05. The result obtained from this study suggested that estuarine organism such as Tympanotonus fuscatus can act appropriately as a biological indicator of pollution hence can be used to monitor the quality of coastal waters and they serve as a good source of protein which can be used for feed formulation and consumed by human. They also contain considerable amount of minerals that are low in crude fiber and fat.