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Prevalence of Parasitic Infections in Relation to CD4+ and Antiretroviral (ART) Usage of HIV Sero-Positive Patients Attending Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital (ISTH) Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria

Iyevhobu KO* and Obodo BN

Intestinal parasitic infections are globally endemic and constitute the greatest single worldwide cause of illness and disease. This study was designed to determine the Prevalence of parasitic infections in relation to CD4+ and Antiretroviral Usage of HIV sero-positive patients Attending Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital (ISTH) Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria. A total of two hundred (200) subjects from Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital (ISTH), Irrua, were recruited for this study. They were categorised into two groups based on their HIV/AIDS clinical and laboratory test results. Based on this, 170(85.0%) were HIV sero-positive and 30 (15.0%) were HIV sero-negative subjects and were between the age ranges of 18-89 years and 18-59 years respectively. The parasites isolated were hookworms, Strongyloides stercolaris, Trichuris trichuria, Ascaris lumbricoides and Enterobrius vermicularis with a prevalence of 17(10.0%),7(4.1%), 4(2.4%), 16(9.4%) and 7(4.1%) respectively for the HIV sero-positive subjects while HIV sero-negative had a prevalence of 1(3.3%), 0(0.0%), 0(0.0%), 10(33.3%), 0(0.0%) for the same parasites respectively and in addition 1(3.3%) of Schistosoma mansoni was found respectively. The mean and standard deviation for the age of subjects were 36.4±15.92 and 30.1±10.26 for HIV sero-positive and HIV sero-negative subjects respectively. Parasitic infections were higher within the age range 30- 44 for HIV sero-positive and 18-29 age range for HIV sero-negative. The prevalence of parasitic infections among the HIV sero-positive subjects was 44.7%, as compared to 40.0% of HIV sero-negative. A significant difference (p<0.05) was observed in the prevalence of opportunistic parasitic infections, between CD4+ count, ART use and age group.