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Role of Chromium Histidinate In Glycemic Control, Improving Serum Lipid and Reducing Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin Induced Type 2 Diabetes Models of Rats

Anisha Prasad, Shankar Majhi, and Gajendra Prasad Rauniar

Hyperglycemia, a hallmark of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), is responsible for hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress and various diabetic related complications. Management aims at minimizing diabetic complications by maintaining near euglycemia. Neonatal Wistar Rats (n = 70, 4-5 days old) were divided into seven groups. All groups except Group I controls were fed a High Fat Diet ( HFD)–40% of calories as fat. Group III, IV and V were injected single intra-peritoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (40mg/kg) to induce T2DM. Group IV and VI were supplemented with 4μg/kg of Chromium Histidinate (CrHis) whereas Group V and VII received 8μg/kg of CrHis BW/d for 10 weeks. After 10 weeks the effect of Cr His on glucose, serum lipid and MDA were investigated. Serum glucose showed mild hyperglycemia in Group II and III compared to Group I control rats and also elevation of insulin levels in Group II rats. Group VII rats on administration of 8 μg Cr His, showed significant decrease in serum glucose values as compared to Group VI rats on 4 μg Cr His. Triglyceride (TG) rich lipoproteins were significantly lowered in Group II rats on HFD compared to Group I Controls (p<0.05). Group V and VII rats on 8 μg Cr His showed lower levels of TG and Very Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDL) compared to Group IV and VI rats on 4μg Cr His (p<0.05). The plasma MDA level was elevated in the stress induced rats in Group II and III but normalized to baseline when Cr His was administered. CrHis controls hyperglycemia, improves lipid profile and reduces oxidative stress in streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetes model in rats.