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Prevalence of Exostoses in Yucatan Maya Ascent Patients

Ricardo Penaloza-Cuevas, Celia Mendiburu-Zavala, Ruben Cardenas-Erosa, Lilian Aguilar-Vera, Jessica Ancona- Alcocer, Alberto Rivero-Navarrete ME

The aim of this study is to define the Prevalence of exostoses in Yucatan Mayan ascent patients from the Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan (UADY) Dental Faculty, during a 3-month period. Yucatan is the state with highest Mayan ethnic concentration, characterized by a brachiocephalic-exostoses association. Bony asymptomatic anatomical variation growths, located in jaws, resulting of genetic-environmental interaction factors. Methods: Observational, descriptive study, including 122 Yucatan Mayan ascent patients, between 21 and 80 years old. Mayan ascent-based confirmed thru last name verification of two generations back. Data obtained from intraoral examination, recording exostoses location and morphology. Statistical descriptive analysis and chi-square test was performed. Results: Of the 122 patients studied, 25 (20.49%) had exostoses; 68% female 32% male; 28% palatal torus; 36% mandibular torus and 4% vestibular exostoses; 32% in both arches. Shape showed 33% were unilobular flat torus, 27% lobular, 6% nodular, and 34% spindle-shaped. Concerning mandibular torus, 39% unilateral and 61 % bilateral. Prevalence ranges from 13.7% to 28.7% (p = 0.0142), considered statistically significant. Conclusions: There are few studies reporting Mayan population exostoses prevalence, but the results obtained represent a prevalence three times higher than current literature. The potential use of exostoses as sources of autogenous cortical bone for grafting.