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Effect of Non-surgical Periodontal Therapy on the IL-21 levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Patients with Periodontal Health and Disease. A Clinico biochemical Study

Mohd Najmuddin, Rudrakshi C, Prabhuji MLV and Ankita

Aim: To investigate the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on the levels of IL-21 in gingival crevicular fluid of patients with chronic gingivitis and periodontitis. Materials and methods: Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from chronic gingivitis (n=12), chronic periodontitis (n=12) and controls (n=10). Clinical parameters like Plaque index, Gingival index, Gingival bleeding index, Probing depth and Relative attachment level were recorded at baseline and at the end of six weeks. Patients with chronic gingivitis and periodontitis received non-surgical periodontal treatment (Scaling and Root planing). IL-21 was quantified through an Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay. Data was expressed using the x2, student t and Mann- Whitney U tests. Results: The baseline levels of IL-21 in GCF was significant in chronic gingivitis (p<0.05) and highly significant in chronic periodontitis patients (p<0.001) when compared to controls. Non-surgical periodontal therapy was found to significantly reduce the levels of IL-21 in chronic Periodontitis compared to gingivitis. Conclusion: With increase in severity of the periodontal destruction from chronic gingivitis to chronic periodontitis a substantial increase in the concentration of IL-21 was observed (p<0.05). Non-surgical periodontal therapies have significant impact on its levels and were well correlated with clinical parameters of periodontal tissue destruction.