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Larvicidal Activities of N-(2-Hydroxyl) Propyl-3-Trimethyl Ammonium Chitosan Chloride (HTCC) and Silver Nanoparticles against Two Mosquito Species, Aedes and Culex: A Comparative Study

Vanitha Priya D, Pandima Devi MK, Arumugam P, Sudharsan K and Anruradha V

This paper mainly focuses on using biopolymer as a potential larvicide. This work initially starts with extracting chitosan from the shrimp waste by a chemical method and it was characterized further. Chitosan is a natural carbohydrate biopolymer derived by deacetylation (DA) of chitin that is nontoxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible. But usually chitosan will not completely dissolved in water at normal conditions. Therefore, to increase the solubility and reaction rate, quaternized derivative of chitosan, N-(2-hydroxyl) propyl-3-trimethyl ammonium chitosan chloride (HTCC), is obtained and characterized. It highly dissolves in water and has more positive charge (quaternary ammonium groups) compared with chitosan. Next the larvicidal activity of the obtained HTCC against two mosquito species, Aedes and Culex, is evaluated. Next part of the work continues with synthesizing silver nanoparticles from the plant Euphorbia Antiquorum and characterized by UV Spec, FTIR, and SEM; then the larvicidal activity is examined similar to HTCC and the results obtained are compared with each other; Though both, silver nanoparticles and HTCC, show similar larvicidal activity, this study suggests HTCC is a better larvicidal agent having in mind the drastic effects of silver nanoparticles on aquatic ecosystem; Nanoparticles in aquatic systems are responsible for agglomeration and aggregation, dissolution, redox reactions and transformation into new solid phases, whereas chitosan and chitosan derivatives are completely degradable, biocompatible, and nontoxic to plants, animals, or human.