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Integration of Geology and Geomorphology for Groundwater Assessment using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques

M.Sedhuraman, S.S.Revathy, S.Suresh Babu

Groundwater plays a fundamental role in shaping the economic and social health of many urban areas in India. Fast growing and emerging urban centres are demanding water to achieve higher growth rates. The exploration, assessment and management of ground water resource has become one of the key issues as ground water forms an important component of the total water supply for drinking and irrigation purposes. The present study area is an attempt to delineate the groundwater potential zones in Bengaluru urban district, Karnataka, India using integrated approach of Remote Sensing and GIS techniques. Various geological and geomorphological factors play a major role at different levels in the occurrence, movement and potential of ground water in hard rock terrain. Survey of India (SOI) Topographic maps and Resourcesat-2 (LISS IV FMX) satellite image are used to prepare various thematic layers such as geology, geomorphology, drainage pattern, lineaments, soil and slope, which influence the occurrence, movement, yield and quality of groundwater. All these themes and their individual features were then assigned weights according to their relative importance in groundwater occurrence. The thematic layers will be integrated using ERDAS and Arc GIS software to identifying the overlay analysis & yield of the ground water potential zone map of the study area. On the basis of different geomorphic units, four categories of groundwater potential zones were delineated as (i) Good (ii) Moderate (iii) Poor and (iv) Very poor.